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Solo Metadatos
10 years of service quality measurement: reviewing the use of the SERVQUAL instrument
(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2002-12-30) Nyeck, Simon; Morales, Miguel; Ladhari, Riadh; Pons, Frank
In 1988, Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry developed an instrument to measure the quality of service. Since that date, this instrument has been used in numerous studies on different industries and in different countries, both by academics and professionals. However, despite its wide dissemination, few studies deal with the dimensionality and validity aspects of this measurement scale. This article describes the practices observed in relation to these aspects through the analysis of the studies that SERVQUAL has used during the last ten years. From a sample of 60 empirical studies using the SERVQUAL scale, the main aspects of validity dealt with by each author are analysed, using an analysis template adapted from the study of Stokes and Miller (1975). Based on the available data, the study suggests that the scale developed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry (1988) does not present a stable dimensional structure of five factors. Finally, the article evaluates the influence of the characteristics of the research design on the reliability of SERVQUAL.
Acceso Abierto
A financial approach to fight climate change: using green bonds to fund sustainable investments
(Universidad ESAN, 2021) Schwab, Melanie Caroline
The present thesis deals with the research topic of how green bonds can be used to fund sustainable investments that fight climate change. A key focus lies on how the green bond market can possibly be improved in order to raise more funds and allow a better response to climate change. This thesis uses a literature research approach. This is done by looking at the issue of climate change and the policies and actions to fight it, first. Afterwards, the topic of environmental, social and governance (ESG) investments is treated with a particular focus on environmental investments and the types of financial assets, through which an investment can be made. Green bonds are the key subject of this work. Accordingly, their current situation is addressed by analyzing the variety of existing definitions, the market evolution, characteristics and types of green bonds, and their cost of capital. Attention is paid towards the main actors in the market, their role and what can be done by each type of actor to develop the market of green bonds. Additionally, some recent examples from the global market and the real performance of green bonds in the past years are discussed. Concluding the most important findings of this work, the major challenges identified in the global green bond market are the following ones: the missing definition and standards, the on average lower return than on conventional bonds, and the fact that green bonds are not focused on investments in the countries most affected by climate change where urgent adaptation measures are required. To overcome these challenges, it is recommended to establish obligatory standards for green bonds in order to provide security for issuers and investors. The standardization of the market could also provide the opportunity to develop their market in those countries where action is needed most urgently. It is further recommended for issuers and intermediaries to better address the preferences of certain types of investors and direct green bonds towards risk-averse and responsible investors.
Acceso Abierto
A holistic model of education quality in marketing management: an exploratory testing in Spanish universities
(Universidad ESAN, 2010) Rivera-Camino, Jaime
Over the last decades, education quality (EQ) assurance has emerged as an important public policy issue. Unfortunately, there is still no agreement on the following issues: EQ definitions, essential assessment indicators, and the fundamental suitability of the models proposed. To fill this vacuum, we propose an EQ model that empirically identifies the resource-capability variables linked to learning outcomes of students, and their association with the competitive positioning of universities.
Solo Metadatos
A propósito de la privatización de Petroperú: negocios independientes o integración vertical
(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 1995-06-30) Roca, Santiago
It analyzes the various sales modalities raised in view of the privatization of the state oil company, Petroperú, mainly the modality of subdivision into independent businesses proposed by the Special Committee for the Promotion of Private Investment (Cepri) of this company. It finds that, apparently, the oil industry needs to operate vertically integrated; however, this possibility must be determined based on the market, the interlinking between the parties and the objectives to be achieved for the benefit of the country. On the other hand, the plan presented by Cepri combines transfer of ownership, strategic alliances with oil operators, concession and license mechanisms, but it would also establish the obligatory of a series of long-term contracts and regulatory mechanisms that would replace the internal transactions of an integrated system. Other options that could generate positive results are also analyzed, provided the necessary regulations are in place. Finally, it points out that in order to decide the best form of privatization, not only the costs, risks and business potential of each option must be evaluated, but also the political consequences and the benefits that the State would obtain from each one of them.
Solo Metadatos
A propósito del enfoque BCG
(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 1992-03-30) Esteves Dejo, Martha Cecilia
It raises some of the limitations of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) method, a successful consulting product considered a simple tool that helps to comprehensively understand the decisions a company makes about its future. To this end, the validity of the concepts on which it is based, its goodness as an analysis tool and the applicability of its recommendations are discussed. The three central concepts that support the theoretical framework of the BCG are analyzed: the experience curve, the product life cycle and the portfolio balance, and the main objections to the strategic options derived from it are raised. The general propositions derived from the growth-participation matrix are discussed and two aspects are dealt with in detail: the validity of the strategy recommended by the BCG for "dog" businesses and the limitations that the product life cycle imposes on marketing managers.
Acceso Abierto
Absorptive capacity and innovation in low-tech companies in emerging economies
(Universidad Alberto Hurtado. Facultad de Economía y Negocios, 2018-08-02) Del Carpio, Javier Fernando; Miralles Torner, Francesc
Innovation capacity is on the focus of policy makers in emerging economies. Although some studies show the antecedents of innovation capacity for developed economies and high technological industries, scant research outcomes exist for different settings. This study tries to shed some light on the drivers of innovation capacity for low technological companies in emerging economies. Using the absorptive capacity as a driver of technological and non-technological innovation capacity, this study proposes a SEM model to contribute to the literature of innovation capacity including technological and non-technological innovation, and the relationship between them, in low-techonology industries in an emerging economy. A sample of 706 manufacturing companies from Peru is used. The academic contribution of this study states that absorptive capacity favors technological and non-technological innovation capacity and that non-technological innovation affects technological one. Accordingly, managerial contribution suggests improving absorptive capacity levels to internal R&D activities but also to organizational and marketing innovation activities.
Solo Metadatos
Abuso de poder económico, acaparamiento y especulación
(Universidad ESAN, 2021-12-11) Stucchi, Pierino; Ballon Estacio, Fernando
This article addresses the recent legislative developments on the crimes of abuse of economic power, hoarding and speculation in the Peruvian jurisdiction, as well as the inconvenience that its validity represents for the proper development of free competition policies. It is concluded that, contrary to what is recommended by international standards, the requirements of regulatory quality have not been met in the context of a pandemic.
Solo Metadatos
El acceso a créditos por parte de familias de comunidades campesinas y nativas en el Perú
(Universidad ESAN, 2024-06-29) Panduro Chafloque, Fiorela del Rocío
Access to credit could be one of the main challenges for families residing in Andean and Amazonian regions, due to the lack of documentation suppor ting their economic or commercial activities. In this regard, the study of an economic dynamic that could be positively viewed by the financial and ban king system is proposed. This, in turn, would encourage an improvement in the living conditions of the country's rural and indigenous populations if the land titling process, which previously belonged to the communities to which they belonged, is amplified. The analysis of a complex social, cultural, legal, and economic condition allows detailing positive elements that impact the national economy tangibly.
Solo Metadatos
Un acercamiento al concepto de cultura
(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2006-12-30) Podestá C., Paola
The following article, derived from a research conducted in an organization that belongs to the airline industry, intends to approach the concept of Culture from two theoretical viewpoints, and propose a possibility of analysis from the relation between relevant concepts of such perspectives. These afore-mentioned relations are also proposed as a reference to study cultural change in organizations. The central question impacts the concept of organizational culture and enhances a reflection: Is cultural transformation possible in an organization?
Acceso Abierto
Acopio de chirimoya Cumbe cultivado en el Callejón de Conchucos (Región Ancash) para exportación en fresco y merma para agroindustría peruana : plan de negocios para la ampliación del portafolio de productos de la empresa Geoagro S.A.C.
(Universidad ESAN, 2019) Morales Almendrades, Vanessa Raquel
La chirimoya cumbe (Annona Cherimola Miller) es una fruta de elite, que se comercializa en América, Europa y Asia, su consumo es generalmente como fruta fresca por su alto valor nutricional. La variedad Cumbe tiene mayor aceptación en Canadá con referencia a otras variedades porque cumple con las características organolépticas apreciadas en este mercado alcanzando una tasa crecimiento de 8.8% desde el 2015. Canadá es el segundo país al que Perú exporta Chirimoya en la actualidad, favorecida por la ventana comercial desde Mayo a Agosto, en contra estación con referencia a otros países productores. El grupo Geo Agro con nueve años de experiencia en el rubro agrícola, incursionará con Geo Agro comercial, tomando como factor clave de éxito la asociatividad con productores orgánicos de chirimoya de la zona del Callejón de Conchucos, Ancash, para generar desarrollo sostenible tanto para la empresa como a los productores, quienes contarán con Certificación Orgánica y Fair Trade obteniendo con ello mejores precios. La comercialización de Chirimoya se hará como fruta fresca, dándole valor a la merma que de ella se obtenga en la comercialización de fruta industrial.
Acceso Abierto
Acopio y exportación de plátano bellaco fresco del valle del Alto Huallaga para mercados fair trade : modelo de negocios para una empresa privada en alianza con pequeños empresarios productores de plátano con enfoque en gestión de fincas
(Universidad ESAN, 2017) Parado Guerra, Beker; Pereyra Lozano, César Augusto; Ríos Zurita, Juan José
El objetivo de esta tesis es demostrar la viabilidad económica y financiera de un modelo de negocio para el acopio de plátano bellaco fresco con certificación Fair Trade producido por pequeños empresarios del valle del Alto Huallaga y exportación a cargo de una empresa privada instalada en la zona de producción. Para cumplir con ese objetivo, se realiza una investigación de la oferta en la zona de producción con entrevistas directas a pequeños empresarios productores de plátano que poseen 1,345 hectáreas y manejadas por 451 productores en 28 comunidades.
Acceso Abierto
Actitud de las pequeñas empresas familiares no financieras peruanas frente al financiamiento externo
(Universidad ESAN, 2017) Paredes Calvet, Alfredo Antonio; Huamán Ato, Cristhian André; Roque Hinope, Ladislao Arnaldo; Huerta Delgado, Mónica Luisa
La presente investigación, busca analizar y tomar conciencia hasta qué punto los aspectos familiares influyen al momento de formar la estructura de capital y deuda de la empresa, así mismo analizar si sus decisiones de financiamiento se ven influenciadas frente a un mercado altamente dinámico. Las empresas familiares tienen objetivos diferentes a los de las empresas no familiares, debido a la influencia que ejerce la familia dentro de la empresa. El control y mantenimiento de la propiedad se convierten en un objetivo principal; muchas veces los directores-propietarios prefieren renunciar al crecimiento (Reder, 1947; Le Breton-Miler y Miller, 2006) limitando la utilización de la deuda para no poner en peligro la transferencia del negocio a la siguiente generación, siendo este el principal factor que afecta la estructura Deuda-Capital.
Solo Metadatos
Actividad empresarial y rol promotor del estado en la constitución peruana de 1993
(Universidad ESAN, 2022-06-24) Gasco Valer, María del Carmen
This article proposes a constitutional approach of the role of Government in Economy, and the principle of subsidiarity in the 1993 Peruvian Constitution. The proposal discusses the generally accepted notion of promotion in Public Law, as a reference to establish when Government can develop business activity within the framework of the 1993 Constitution. The discussion adopts the point of view of the Public Law to analyze the principle of subsidiarity of Government when it comes to developing business.
Acceso Abierto
Actualización del valor de la deuda agraria : análisis legal de las resoluciones del Tribunal Constitucional
(Universidad ESAN, 2018) Martínez, César; Flores, Daniel; Henríquez, Renzo; Salazar, Pío
En 1969, la expropiación de tierras en el marco del proceso de reforma agraria originó las figuras legales de la deuda agraria y de los bonos con los que se pretendía pagarla. Sin embargo, los tenedores nunca pudieron hacer efectivos los bonos, pues en la década de 1980 la inflación pulverizó su valor y el Estado dejó de honrarlos. Hasta hoy, la mayor parte de esos bonos no ha sido pagada, lo que ha generado el creciente reclamo de los expropiados. En 1996, el Congreso aprobó una norma que estipuló que los bonos de la deuda agraria fueran pagados a su valor nominal. Los tenedores, a través del Colegio de Ingenieros del Perú (CIP), plantearon una demanda de inconstitucionalidad ante el Tribunal Constitucional (TC), que les dio la razón. Su decisión, sin embargo, se limitaba a recusar aquella forma de pago nominal y establecía que los bonos debían pagarse conforme a un criterio que permitiese la actualización de su valor al momento de pago, pero sin determinar los criterios técnicos que el Estado debía seguir para ello. Ante este vacío, el CIP formuló un nuevo recurso al TC, que esta instancia resolvió disponiendo que se aplicase un método de dolarización, junto con una tasa de interés, para la actualización del valor de los bonos. Justamente, la controversia surgida en relación con los fundamentos de esta nueva decisión del TC motivó el interés en realizar un análisis que permita determinar si esta resolución fue emitida conforme a los deberes y las atribuciones del TC.
Acceso Abierto
El Acuerdo Nacional como espacio de consenso para la definición de los objetivos de la reforma de salud y establecer políticas de salud en el Perú
(Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2016-08-09) Nepo-Linares, Edgardo; Velásquez, Aníbal
After several months of arduous deliberations, the National Agreement, a policy coordination forum highest level in Peru, approved a document entitled “The objectives of health care reform.” In this article it review the work done and the product reached by consensus, which includes as priorities, among others, strengthening of SIS like public insurance, implementation of a policy of multi-year investment, strengthening the protection of health rights outlined, strengthening the primary health care and improving access to safe and effective medicines. The effect is an agreement that gives significance to a process that has the character of state policy and defines the framework within which they must develop health policies in the following years.
Acceso Abierto
Addressing sustainable rural development with shared value: a Peruvian model from the cacao industry
(MDPI, 2021-07-19) Borda, Armando; Morales, Oswaldo; Teegen, Hildy; Rees, Gareth H.; Gonzalez-Perez, Maria Alejandra
Here we present a model aimed at contributing to the literature around sustainable supply chains by examining a novel redesign initiative of the chocolate supply chain within the Peruvian cacao (cocoa) industry. Using the Creating Shared Value (CSV) framework, we apply the case study method in examining the Peruvian Cacao Alliance’s experience in redesigning both the stages and relationships within its supply of cacao to the world. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources and analyzed after coding from categories defined in the literature on CSV. The case demonstrates the opportunity to successfully participate in the supply chains of globally recognized, consumer-facing chocolate brands while simultaneously obtaining social, economic and environmental benefits for the rural communities that supply cacao. While addressing both social and business gains remains fairly important for supply chain members, there are several implementation challenges that need to be considered to achieve the goals of CSV strategies in a sustained way. By analyzing the experience of this particular cacao value chain, we are able to offer practical insight on how to more effectively implement the creating shared value approach, thereby illuminating that it is possible for value generated through such supply chains to be more equitably shared. As such, we provide a valuable initial step in better understanding how the CSV concept applies in practice by identifying its boundary conditions for achieving improved cacao supply chain practices and relationships.
Solo Metadatos
La administración del desarrollo sostenible en el contexto de la economía social de mercado
(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2007-12-30) Vera, José Carlos
The theory of market social economy appears neatly when dealing with environmental conservation and the search for the wellbeing of the underprivileged. These concepts have been used in various countries and today it is possible to see countries that carefully watch over their environment and have achieved signifi cant social balance. Peru has not been alien to environmental and social concepts and for more than four decades has establishes organizations, designed policies and enacted laws to look at these issues. However, the outcomes have been limited. Among the reasons that explain the ineffectiveness of such regulations and institutions perhaps among the most important are the lack of effective oversight and control over economic agents, and an ineffi cient design of the ways to attain goals through regulations and institutions. For that reason, this paper proposes policy options to correct market outcomes and a way to build institutions that will allow to accomplish the desired goals.
Solo Metadatos
La administración pública en Gran Bretaña
(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 1993-12-30) Plowden, William
This article focuses on the central national government of Great Britain. It outlines the most important permanent features of the British administration, those which have remained constant over the past hundred years or so. It then describes the major changes in the public service between 1960 and 1970 and during the government of Margaret Thatcher. It also discusses some unresolved issues and identifies key lessons learned on how to reform and maintain an efficient public administration. Furthermore, it is explained that the British civil service has been altered by accession to the European Community, because their laws restrict the formulation or implementation of British public policies. Finally, thirteen essential elements for an effective civil service in a modern democratic state are mentioned.
Acceso Abierto
Administración pública y los principios del derecho administrativo en Perú
(Universidad Externado de Colombia, 2015-06-17) Rojas, Piero
The Draft Law on Peru’s Public Administration Framework is the first legal instrument that develops the fundamental standards of the organization and functioning of public administration. This piece seeks to reflect and provide critical commentary on how this bill deals legally with the concept of public administration and its main principles governing its operation.
Solo Metadatos
Adopción e implementación del comercio electrónico por empresas medianas en el Perú: un estudio de casos
(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2002-12-30) Yamakawa Tsuja, Peter; Serida Nishimura, Jaime
This paper examines the factors associated with the adoption of electronic commerce and the relationship between these factors and the degree of implementation of this technology in medium-sized companies in Peru. It does so base on the empirical evidence provided by companies that represent successful experiences in the use of electronic commerce. Also, in response to the need to use a unit of measurement different from the binary one adopts/does not adopt to establish the degree of implementation of the technology of electronic commerce, this research presents a measurement proposal that considers four dimensions: volume, diversity, amplitude, and depth. The framework of analysis comes from the theory of the diffusion of innovations.