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URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12640/4147

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  • Miniatura
    ÍtemAcceso Abierto
    Oil and gas pipeline concessions
    (Universidad ESAN, 2017) Shepherd, James Henry
    Primary oil and gas pipelines are a critical supply chain link between the production areas and the refineries or fractioning plants, respectively. They require huge capital investments and expertise in design, construction, maintenance, and operation that are beyond the capabilities of many countries and are generally built and operated under concession by multi-national consortiums with huge financial resources and technical expertise on a Cost of Service (CoS) basis. They are the most economical means of land (and near coastal) transport. However, they also pose the threat of oil or gas spillage. Although the frequency of spills is extremely low, the severity of the consequences can be extremely high if not controlled. There are several causes for oil and gas pipeline spills including geotechnical events, internal and/or external corrosion of the pipeline, failure of equipment, sabotage, internal expansion forces, materials defects, mechanical impact from excavation equipment due to lack of proper pipeline marking, etc.
  • Miniatura
    ÍtemAcceso Abierto
    Analysis of oil and gas industry
    (Universidad ESAN, 2016) Carrillo Encarnación, Orlando
    The paper asesses the financial volatily of the oil & gas industry due to the business environment factors (Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental) for the period 2016-2021.  Geopolitical tensions in the Middle-East and Eurasia influence divestment / investment strategies of oil corporations contributing to price volatily.  Additionally, Economic forecasts show low to moderate growth forecasts for most of the world in the next five years keeping commodity prices low. On the other hand, regarding technological factors, large oil companies are strongly investing in innovation programs in order to achieve greater efficiencies and alternative business models that might mitigate their oil-dependency. Financial Analysis shows that most organizations in the industry are struggling to keep healthy levels of Cash Flow due to decrease in revenues, however, larger firms keep good levels of liquidity mainly because of them keeping high levels of Current Assets.  Overall, after looking at solvency ratios we see that despite the market turmoils, the main players are following strong Financial Risk Management policies which will allow them to meet their financial obligations responsibly.