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El Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad ESAN tiene como objetivos preservar y difundir el conocimiento académico y científico producido en la universidad bajo los parámetros de acceso abierto

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Adventure tourism and its relationship between activities and loyalty
(Taylor and Francis, 2025-12-22) Carvache-Franco, Mauricio; Orden-Mejía, Miguel; Carvache-Franco, Wilmer; Carvache-Franco, Orly; Bustamante-Ubilla, Miguel A.; Vera- Ronquillo, Lissette
Adventure tourism represents a valuable opportunity for emerging destinations. This study, conducted in Santa Elena (Ecuador), a coastal province with diverse adventure activities, aims to: (a) identify the most popular adventure tourism activities and determine their frequency of practice, (b) evaluate the relationship between preferences for adventure activities and the sociodemographic characteristics of tourists, such as gender, education level, and age, and (c) analyze the relationship between sociodemographic aspects and tourist loyalty, measured by their intention to revisit the destination, speak positively about it, and recommend it to others. A quantitative approach was employed, using a sample of 318 valid responses collected online. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were applied to examine the relationships among the variables. The results confirmed that longer stays at an adventure destination positively influence revisit intention, recommendation, and speaking positively about the destination. Tourists who spent more time at the destination formed stronger emotional and social connections, increasing their likelihood to revisit and recommend it. However, higher daily expenditure was associated with a lower intention to recommend the destination, especially when tourists did not perceive a unique or exceptional experience. Valuable findings on how sociodemographic factors and travel experience influence loyalty in adventure tourism.
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The multifaceted impact of circadian disruption on cancer risk: a systematic review of insights and economic implications
(Elsevier, 2025-04-22) Clemente-Suarez, Vicente Javier; Navarro-Jiménez, Eduardo; Benitez-Agudelo, Juan Camilo; Beltrán-Velasco, Ana Isabel; Belinchón-deMiguel, Pedro; Ramos-Campo, Domingo Jesús; Villanueva-Tobaldo, Carlota Valeria; Martín-Rodríguez, Alexandra; Tornero-Aguilera, Jose Francisco
Background: Circadian disruption has emerged as a significant risk factor for cancer, driven by mechanisms such as hormonal imbalances, impaired DNA repair, immune suppression, and metabolic dysregulation. Modern societal patterns—shift work, artificial light at night, and irregular sleep schedules—have exacerbated these risks. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, screening over 500 studies published between 2003 and 2023 from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria focused on peer-reviewed epidemiological and mechanistic studies linking circadian disruption with cancer risk. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for methodological quality assessment. Results: A total of 75 high-quality studies were included. Strong evidence supports associations between circadian disruption and breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers, with limited but emerging evidence for melanoma and bladder cancer. Mechanistic pathways involve melatonin suppression, dysregulation of CLOCK and BMAL1 genes, reduced natural killer cell activity, and chronic inflammation due to metabolic imbalance. Light-at-night (LAN) exposure and prolonged night shift work were consistently identified as major risk factors. Furthermore, economic analyses reveal a substantial burden due to increased healthcare costs and productivity losses, particularly in shift work-dominated sectors. Conclusions: Circadian misalignment is a critical, yet often overlooked, contributor to cancer incidence and associated economic burdens. Public health strategies—such as regulating shift schedules, reducing LAN exposure, and promoting chronotherapy—are essential to mitigate these risks. Further research should address sex-based differences, improve exposure measurement, and extend investigations to low- and middle-income countries.
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Analysis of expectations for the quality of medical care in the province of Guayas (Ecuador), through Servqual
(Elsevier, 2025-10-25) Bustamante-Ubilla, Miguel A.; Carvache-Franco, Mauricio; Carvache-Franco, Orly; Lapo, María del Carmen; Carvache-Franco, Wilmer
This study seeks to determine the most relevant dimensions of service quality expectations contained in the Servqual model, applied to the healthcare sector. It seeks to open a space for open innovation based on users’ ex ante needs, with the goal of suggesting strategic management actions to guide the work of service providers. The study was conducted based on 533 interviews with healthcare users in the clinical units where they receive care. Expectations were collected using a seven-point scale. They were analyzed using means analysis and a principal components factorial model, and ratified using the structural equation method to define their internal structure. The results reveal that the expectation dimensions of "security and assertiveness," "punctuality and professional dedication," and "personalized attention" shape the quality of service expected by users, structuring a system of significantly related factors that form a coherent construct. The findings of this work suggest a system of service quality dimensions expected by users that managers could adopt, on the one hand, to support some managerial decisions and, on the other, to identify some components of the services provided that could be intervened in order to respond to the ex ante needs of users. We conclude that the model shows that the three latent factors define expectations and reveal potential areas for improvement, as expected by users. Furthermore, it was found that these factors establish mutually influential relationships, where the dimensions of security and assertiveness, as well as timeliness and professional dedication, behave as independent exogenous factors.
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The lead–lag relationship of US fiscal policy uncertainty: New evidence from 𝑅2 decomposed connectedness measures
(Elsevier, 2025-12-01) Gabauer, David; Nhat Dang, Tam Hoang; Phuc Nguyen, Canh
This study examines the dynamic interdependencies between US fiscal policy uncertainty, federal funds effective rate, industrial production, gross federal debt, VIX, and WTI crude oil using monthly data from February 1990 to May 2025. We employ the recently developed R 2 decomposed connectedness approach of Balli et al. (2023), which decomposes interdependencies into contemporaneous and lagged components. Our empirical findings show that dynamic total connectedness is heterogeneous over time and economic event-dependent. Notably, contemporaneous dynamics dominate lagged dynamics. Fiscal policy uncertainty, gross federal debt, federal funds effective rate, and WTI act as net transmitters of shocks, while industrial production and the VIX are net receivers of shocks. However, in the context of contemporaneous spillovers, we find that fiscal policy uncertainty primarily absorbs shocks rather than transmitting them, highlighting its reactive role and underscoring the need for well-designed policy responses to address fiscal uncertainty.
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Non-financial determinants influencing Sustainable Development Goals disclosure in traditional banking institutions in Latin America
(Universidad ESAN, 2025-12-01) Raffaelli, Pablo
Purpose: This paper examines the non-financial determinants influencing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) disclosure among Latin American banks. Design/methodology/approach: The study employs an explanatory methodological approach characterized by quantitative analysis and a longitudinal perspective. It applies a multiple linear regression model to examine the non-financial determinants influencing SDG compliance among banks listed on the national stock exchanges of the six Latin American countries with the highest nominal GDP in USD (World Bank, 2022). This group includes the four members of the Pacific Alliance (Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru), along with Brazil—the only Latin American member of the BRICS—and Argentina, recognized for its significance in South America and its membership in the Group of Twenty (G-20). Findings: The findings reveal a direct and significant relationship between three variables of interest and financial institutions' disclosure of priority SDGs: board member independence, adherence to International Integrated Reporting Council guidelines in reporting, and the audit of sustainability reports by one of the Big Four firms. The variables of board size and the proportion of female employees exhibited a notable inverse relationship. Originality/value: This study provides empirical evidence from the Latin American context, advancing research on non-financial determinants in the sustainability reporting of financial services, and underscoring banks' commitment to sustainable development.