JEFAS Vol. 14 Nº 27 (2009)
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Item Metadata only Análisis comparativo de la competitividad de las economías del Perú y Chile en un enfoque global(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2009-12-30) Peña-Vinces, Jesús C.Small economies, such as the Peruvian and Chilean, are immersed in the global arena of emergent economies, so evaluating them from a home based point of view (Porter, 1990) would be limited and of little use. This fact turns Porter’s national diamond framework insufficient for that purpose (Moon, Rugman and Verbeke, 1998). This paper analyzes these economies from a global view that would include local as well as foreign markets; in other words, it applies the International Competitiveness Double Diamond approach proposed by Moon, Rugman & Verbeke (1998), and Moon & Lee (2004). Information from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the World Economic Forum, the Inter-American Development Bank and other sources was gathered to draw up the double diamond. The empirical analyses show that Chile is more competitive globally, while Peru is locally. To sum up, the results imply that Chile is more attractive to direct foreign investment than Peru.Item Metadata only Derivatives usage by non-financial firms in emerging markets: the Peruvian case(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2009-12-30) Martín, Miguel Angel; Rojas, Wolfgang; Eráusquin, José Luis; Yupanqui , Dayana; Vera, ÉdgarFinancial derivatives markets have reached a remarkable development in recent years but this pattern has not attained the same strength in developing countries. In consequence an important question arises: what is the development degree of financial derivatives markets in emerging countries and which variables influence the use of derivatives in the top companies? To analyze this topic Peru has been chosen as a reference and the Non-Financial Firms as well. In order to enhance objectivity an empirical study has been conducted through a structured survey directed to chief financial managers of companies classified among the TOP 1000 in the country. This information was collected in order to explain the effect of the determinants that influence the development of financial derivatives in Peru. The results show that the use of derivatives in Peru is low and the relevant factors affecting its development are the degree of training in derivatives and the market regulation. This outcome suggests that there should be patterns of behaviour for market agents and government entities to promote the use of derivatives as well as provide information for future research that might contribute to establish the most adequate mechanisms for market-development purposes.Item Metadata only Effectiveness measurement: when will we get it right?(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2009-12-30) Dwyer, Rocky J.Credible demonstration of policy or program impacts depends on understanding the distinction between inputs outputs outcomes and indicators. Moreover in order to be trusted public reports on a programs' performance need to focus more selectively on identifying the key measures of performance. In the first place the aim of the article is to provide those involved in the practice of program evaluation with enhanced understanding of the current literature reports and documentation on estimating impacts and results of government programs and policies. Secondly it is designed to share definitions and guidelines used to determine economic impacts. Finally this article includes current best practices involved in measuring incremental impacts all of which we contend enable program evaluation staff providing them with new ways of approaching measurement effectiveness and accountability in a strategic and comprehensive manner.Item Metadata only Green management: the reality of being green in business(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2009-12-30) Tran, BenGreen management and going green are not as clear cut and easy as hyped by the general media. While going ecologically green is indeed beneficial and appropriate the process and procedure of becoming green is anything but easy. Firstly turning green is largely not a legal requirement but a voluntary process. Thus even though LEED (which is by far the more publicly known green certification standard) governs the certification of the green management effort it is not a compulsory condition for practitioners to go green. Secondly even with the encouragement of incentives to comply practitioners are skeptical in becoming green due to: (a) a lack of true understanding of the benefit of ecologically friendly procedures (the practice of profits versus the theory of benefits); (b) lack of short term gain in life cycle costing (practitioners want instant incentives); and (c) mostly because it is not a legal requirement for the vast majority of municipalities.Item Metadata only Pensar la acción colectiva en el contexto de la logística humanitaria: las lecciones del sismo de Pisco(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2009-12-30) Chandes, Jérôme; Paché, GillesIn the last fifteen years, and increasingly every day, humanitarian logistics has awakened the interest of researches in the logistics and supply chain management (SCM) field. Some consider this is a new area to apply methods and management tools developed in the business area. Researches in humanitarian logistics tend to favor a technical approach, particularly in operational management (transport optimization, location of regional centers, etc.). Although this view is still valid regarding improvement in using scarce logistics resources, this must be associated to organizational methods that seek the best way to coordinate within humanitarian supply chains. The present article assumes this position upon the concept of collective strategy and how it was applied to the earthquake disaster in Pisco, Peru (August 15, 2007). The humanitarian aid was distributed among several disaster aid committees, but above all to the Instituto Nacional de Defensa Civil (Indeci), the state organization that supervised the whole system. Indeci’s management emphasized the importance of collective action to improve the humanitarian aid operation, but it also viewed the difficulties that resulted from this action.Item Metadata only Pronósticos bayesianos para repuestos de automóviles usando simulación estocástica(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2009-12-30) Muñoz Negrón, David F.; Muñoz Medina, Diego F.This article presents the development and application of a simulation model that was used to forecast the demand of automobile parts using information from a car dealer in Mexico, D. F. In particular, this work illustrates, using a simple model, how stochastic simulation and Bayesian statistics can be combined to model and solve complex forecasting problems. The proposed framework is general enough to be applied to very detailed models of the system under study. The results obtained demonstrate how uncertainty on the parameters of the model can be incorporated, and the application using real data shows how a large sample size produces a posterior distribution that has little influence from the prior distribution.
