3. Investigación
URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12640/4065
Esta colección reúne las contribuciones de acceso abierto realizadas por los docentes e investigadores de la Universidad ESAN, publicadas en fuentes académicas externas. Los trabajos aquí incluidos abarcan una amplia gama de temas de relevancia académica y profesional, y están orientados a fortalecer el conocimiento y el impacto de la investigación en diversas disciplinas. Estos estudios están disponibles para el público en general, promoviendo la difusión y el intercambio de conocimientos en beneficio de la comunidad académica y de la sociedad.
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Ítem Acceso Abierto The delay of consequences and perceived risk: an analysis from the workers’ view point(Universidad de Antioquia. Facultad de Ingeniería, 2015-02-19) Rodríguez-Garzón, Ignacio; Delgado-Padial, Antonio; Martinez-Fiestas, Myriam; Lucas-Ruiz, ValerianoThis paper addresses the question of how construction workers perceive occupational risks. It is a question that has not been addressed in scientific research. Specifically, we answer the following research questions: what is the perception of risk of construction workers?; what aspects of risk significantly influence the formation of the overall perception of risk?; are there sociodemographic variables that help to understand the perception of risk of construction workers? and if this were the case, then what are these variables and how do they influence them? Ultimately, it examines the profile of perceived risk, its relation to the delay of consequences and the influence of socio-demographic variables. Respondents filled out a questionnaire in the presence of the survey-taker. The questionnaire was based on the psychometric paradigm, and was comprised of: (a) nine questions, each exploring a perceived risk attribute or dimension rated on a Likert 7-point scale, (b) a question on global risk perception, and (c) categorical questions about socio-demographic issues. The survey was conducted in the city of Granada (Spain). A profile of the construction workers’ perceived risk was obtained. Answers to each attribute were above the neutral line (scores above four). The profile shows the risk dimension with the highest score was the delayed consequences of exposure to risk conditions, a dimension that can be related to ergonomics and occupational hygiene. This is a new outcome since traditionally this dimension was given a lower score in the worker’s perception. A simple linear regression showed global risk may be explained in terms of the delayed consequences dimension (R2=0.29). Finally, a variance analysis (ANOVA) and several t-tests explored the relationship between this dimension and the sample’s socio-demographic variables. To conclude, the delay of consequences is the risk dimension workers perceived as the most critical in their daily chores. In addition, this risk dimension is decisive in creating a high global risk perception. Parenthood, a higher worker category and training are the only socio-demographic variables having an impact on this dimension of perceived risk. Hence, there is a direct relationship between these two variables.Ítem Acceso Abierto La diplomacia de Smart Cities: el caso de la ciudad de Barcelona(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2019-06-24) Cerqueira, Olga María; Piqué, Josep Miquel; Miralles, FrancescThis research is based on the diplomacy of Barcelona City and the configuration of a hegemonic discourse on Smart City, with repercussions at a local and global level. The emphasis is on interactions and coalitions in network with other cities, establishing that Barcelona, as Smart City, projects an image of a leading and dynamic city, under construction and continuous growth that exerts a relational leadership, besides aims conformation of networks and structures where cities and their actors are connected learning and exchanging experience, reaching international positioning, economic activity, and agreements, as a reflection of a narrative sustained in openness, flexibility and inclusion, that precisely justifies the participation and political action of Barcelona as a city in global multilevel governance.Ítem Acceso Abierto Brechas en la educación superior en turismo en el Perú(Universidad Católica Silva Hernríquez, 2014-07-07) Regalado Pezúa, OttoThe growth of tourism in the world and in particular in Peru has made of this area an emerging productive activity with a lot of potential for development. Tourism is an economic activity which encourages foreign currency exchange as well as new employment opportunities. The objective of this article is to know whether or not there exist any gap between the formative offer in this area and the requirements of the labour market related to it. The research was conducted in two parts. The first one makes a literature review from secondary sources which found out there are limited research for the Peruvian case. The second one is an exploratory qualitative research which conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 experts from the public, private and academic sectors. The analysis and interpretation of the interviews' discourses were made from a deconstructive approach. The study concludes in Peru there is in fact a gap between higher education in tourism and the requirements of the labour market related to it.Ítem Acceso Abierto Gestión de riesgos empresariales: marco de revisión ISO 31000(Grupo Editorial Espacios GEES 2021 C.A., 2017) Lizarzaburu, Edmundo R.; Barriga Ampuero, Gabriela; Noriega, Luis; Lopez, Luciano; Mejía, Patricia Y.This research paper seeks to highlight the importance of risk management in organizations and how these should incorporate a risk management guide, following the guidelines of the ISO 31000 Guide, in order to define concepts Important such as risk culture, risk-appetite and risk-management indicators, which will enable them to better manage their organizations.Ítem Acceso Abierto Diagnóstico de la educación técnica en Perú: alcances para el desarrollo de programas en gestión(Universidad Miguel de Cervantes, 2019-07-30) Regalado-Pezúa, Otto; Toro Galeano, Manuel LeonardoThe main objective of this article is to know the current situation of technical higher education in Peru, in particular in management programs. To do this, using secondary sources and in-depth interviews with experts, an exploratory work was carried out that consisted of analyzing from the point of view of demand, where the technical training needs that the market requires were observed; as well as, an analysis from the point of view of the offer, where the development and investment opportunities were observed, in particular of the private offer, to cover the gap of unsatisfied needs of the employers.Ítem Acceso Abierto Visión empresarial como nuevo aporte a la teoría beckeriana del crimen en el Perú(Policía Nacional de Colombia, 2019-01-01) Lizarzaburu Bolaños, Edmundo Raúl; Burneo, Kurt; Florez Alata, Hugo Gustavo; Noriega, LuisThis paper aims to approach crime of economic motivation as a wrong business model. The objective is to consider crime as an activity with the same goals of an enterprise. Therefore, this is a matter of study of business management, too: profit maximization through the cost minimization connected to the completion and maintenance of its operations; competiveness and influence of an appropriate climate for increasing its operations, for producing incomes illegally and having crime as collateral. The methodology conducted a historical review based on the Theory of the Rational Crime (Becker, 1968) and other theories that explain the benefits and incentives that make criminal business sustainable. The result underscores the tools introduction of the business administration sciences for understanding the criminal matter of economic motivation.Ítem Acceso Abierto International markets entry strategy determinants: an exploratory study in Peru(Universidad del Valle, 2017-12-20) Robles Gutiérrez, Fernando; Jáuregui Machuca, Kety LourdesNowadays a progressively more dynamic and global economic environment causes a higher number of enterprises to pick an entry strategy to become international. The choice of a strategy of entry into foreign markets constitutes one of the most relevant decisions for a company, for it impacts on its performance and means it being ready to cooperate, to a greater or lesser extent, with global supply chains. The present article identifies the determining factors of the strategies of entry into international markets as implemented by Peruvian businessmen, which impact on the integration level into an international market. The companies that participated in this exploratory study have growing exportation levels within the non-traditional sector. The results allow to appreciate exporters employing entry strategies with low levels of integration, and predominantly prefer low-risk markets and high resemblance to the Peruvian market, with regards to cultural affinity and business behavior.Ítem Acceso Abierto Riesgo percibido en la construcción en España y Perú: un estudio exploratorio(Universidad Industrial de Santander, 2014-12-17) Rodríguez Garzón, Ignacio; Castilla Rodríguez, Beatriz; Martínez Fiestas, MiriamIntroduction: The building sector is one of the most dangerous. It was measured the risk perception possessed by construction workers. Culture can affect risk perception. Objectives: Show the risk perceived by construction workers in Spain and Peru, compare and discuss the similarities and differences between countries. Materials and methods: An exploratory, cross sectional study. Two samples of workers were used: Spanish (N=204) and Peruvian (N=210), obtained in building works, civil works and training centers. The quantification method used is the psychometric paradigm and its adaptation to the Portell & Solé´s occupational safety in the NPT of INSHT from Spain. Were used 9 qualitative attributes of risk and a global quantitative attribute. These attributes are measured by Likert scale from 1 to 7 points, while the global quantitative attribute is measured on a scale of 1 to 100. Results: Workers in environments with potential hazards or heavy machinery have a high perception of risk. Workers in both countries considered that have knowledge enough about safety at work. Spanish workers consider their health and safety managers do not have enough knowledge, being better rated in Peru. The probability of incident obtained low score. The global quantitative measure of risk did not obtain statistically significant difference between the two countries. Conclusions: perceived risk in construction should be studied to improve the health of their workers.Ítem Acceso Abierto Políticas y factores que contribuyen a la transferencia de tecnología en organizaciones del Perú(Universidad del Zulia, 2015-01-12) Roca T., SantiagoIn diverse developing countries, including Peru, it is thought that fomenting trade and commerce will automatically cause foreign corporations and free markets to spontaneously transfer technology. This paper shows this is not true. Technology transfer is a complex issue that requires strategic determination, public policies, intermediary institutions and capacities at the levels of the company and of the individuals involved. This study reviews the literature about technology transfer from the viewpoints of the companies and the government, and analyzes eleven case studies about technology transfer and innovation in Peru. Eight major categories of problems to be confronted in the processes of absorbing and transferring technology were detected: 1) individual capabilities; 2) entrepreneurial capabilities; 3) information, cooperation and coordination failures; 4) external connections; 5) infrastructure; 6) funding; 7) institutions; and 8) the existence of systemic and propagating forces. The government should articulate and make the national technological system coherent and seek to comply with the technology transfer agreements established with multilateral international organizations.Ítem Acceso Abierto The impact of business group diversification on emerging market multinationals: evidence from Latin America(Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2012-07-01) Borda-Reyes, ArmandoThis article explored whether the benefits of business group diversification on the scope-performance relationship varies depending on the level of development of the network of subsidiaries and the region of operation of the focal firm. To test the hypothesis presented, a panel data with fix effects models was used on a sample of Latin American firms. The results suggested that business group diversification has the capacity to generate value in the internationalization process of their affiliates. However, the benefits of business group diversification are location bound within the region (Americas) but they are not related to the level of development of the targeted countries.
